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It's an issue of geography. The way water will fill in on Mars would create a flooded North and a desert south.
Would a terraformed Mars have enough arable areas to support agriculture? Or to support plant growth for 02 production? Most of the North will be buried under the sea, and what land there is would have a cool, probably cloudy maritime climate. Wet enough for agriculture but probably too cool and cloudy for ultimate production. The maritime coolness will be amplified by the fact that Northern summer is at aphelion (which could be altered by a soletta that changes solar concentration with the seasons). The South will have the sunshine and warmer temps, but since most of it will be very high ground far from bodies of water, probably as dry as the Sahara except maybe near Hellas which will almost certainly be a large inland sea.
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Depends on the ambient surface atmosphere pressure we "dial" in the terraformation scenario applied.
Actually, if the surface pressure of essentially earth-like atmosphere is as it is here - about 1 bar of N2/O2, than in 0.38 gees the troposphere will be about 25-30 km high, so even the high latitudes will be covered with sufficiently deep layer of air. Assuming 1km above the present ground "sea level" of the oceans, than even Olimpus Mons will have much better conditions than Everest for example. The several miles higher southern hemisphere of Mars will be well within the atmosphere and will activelly participate in the airborn water cycle. The insolated topologically and isogravitationally southern craters should turn into centers of separated water collection, but generally the water will settle south and will drain northwards.
Other very important factor for the future martian climatology, assuming again essentially earth-quality atmosphere is that ~1 bar of air on Mars means that the total mass of the newly introduced Martian atmosphere will be almost equal to the Earths ( ~1/3th surface area and ~1/3th surface gravity). What matters in climatology is the total atmosphere mass not the areal density. On Mars we would have the same air mass as on Earth, on planet with same axial rotation rate / diurnal cycle lenght, but with about twice smaller linear dimensions / circumference.
That According to the old principles found by Swante Arenius means that the terraformed Mars with 1 bar atmosphere with earth`s composition will have at least twice better global atmosphere cyrculation, i.e. redistribution of heat and water than Earth.
The bigger troposphere hight will further faciliate the transfers cause less ground relief is an obsticle infront moving air masses.
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So, perhaps a terraformed Mars would have a milder, more equable climate, at least as rainfall is concerned?
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As karov pointed out, the atmosphere,
for the same ground pressure, will be thicker.
Atmosphere mass per unit surface interaction will be less, allowing for very high winds, while storing considerably more water and heat. On Earth large heat exchange is with the oceans, on Mars the atmosphere and the moisture return via rivers to the equator lakes will do it all.
On Earth the atmosphere and ground can only store small amounts of heat, hence the large swing between day and night temperatures in the desert.
The temperatures on Mars will be more even due to the high wind velocities, higher jet streams, and the ability of the larger mass atmosphere to transport heat.
Lower gravity and high wind speeds could produce extra large hail stones, and the lightning bolts will be longer. Cave dwelling to awoid the hail boulders ? Lightning return from a high mountains to produce electricity ?
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Some scientists have theorized that water once flowed from Mars's southern polar cap into Argyre basin and from there along a long water way including several large craters as lakes and ultimately onto Chryse and the Northern plains where there may have been an ocean. If Mars is terraformed to have large amounts of surface water again, this global-length waterway may flow again. If so it would provide water to a strip of land across the Southern plains, which as you suggest might otherwise be desert. It would be kind of like the Nile in the Egyptian desert, except it would be a lot bigger.
Far out in the uncharted backwaters of the unfashionable end of the Western Spiral arm of the Galaxy lies a small unregarded yellow sun.
-The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
by Douglas Adams
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On Earth, even with a thin atmosphere, http://www.google.com/search?q=heat+tra … =utf-8]air carries more heat than ocean currents.
Mars with a thick atmosphere might turn out to have more even temperatures,
but that means greater heat loss at night.
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On Earth, even with a thin atmosphere, http://www.google.com/search?q=heat+tra … =utf-8]air carries more heat than ocean currents.
Mars with a thick atmosphere might turn out to have more even temperatures,
but that means greater heat loss at night.
Please describe in short your expectations for the Martian climate and weather, after introducing 1 bar of N2/O2 atmosphere with the average terran humidity... changes with latitude, altitude ( the two hemispheres topological diferential, the hights, the northern valeys), due to seasons, diurnal cycle...etc.
I personally think that the more even distribution of moisture and heat, although the bigger night losses -- will result in virtually desertless world, neither latitudely nor altitudely.
Although Mars receives less insolation/illumination -- I think a soletta wouldn`t be necessary to keep the temperatures high enough. Perhubs, yes, to power the innitial quick terraformation, but later introduced and replenished constantly industrially or better biogenically supergreenhouse gas mixture will suffice to keep the temp. over the water freezing point. The atmosperic termostat kept on higher degrees indeed easily may be achieved generaly warmer and milder climate than the Earth`s one.
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So would Mars be a:
1) Desert Planet
2) Prarie planet
3) Forest Planet
4) Jungle planet?
If you landed on a terraformed planet, would you most likely land in a forest?
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Entirelly depends on the design!
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Well when we develop the engineering technology to actually make the atmosphere of mars livable I'm sure if mars turned out to be desert we would have the engineering capability to change that. Maybe canals and artificial rivers. Or even a continent wide artificial rain system using pipes and sprinklers.
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A Mars covered with jungles defies expectations. Whenever people think of Mars they think Desert planet. If its covered with jungle with monkey's making long leaps from tree branch to tree branch, some people are going to say, "this couldn't be Marsm its unMarslike." Alot of our expectations of what Mars was supposed to be like was shaped by telescopic observations of the planet before anyone actually knew what was there. If Mars was covered in Jungle, it wouldn't be red. A Red Mars would have a lower carrying capacity, one might say, "Why terraform Mars if you are going to leave it as a desert? If your going to go to the trouble to make the atmosphere breathable, why not make it more habitable as well? Compared to the initial work, making Mars into a Jungle doesn't require much additional effort.
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Inside a Biodome you might have people living, the Biosphere may have plant and animal life that produces useful chemical and biological product, during the manufacturing process green house pollutant might slowly warm Mars and add more atmosphere over time.
Plant and animal life might be breeding programs that resist radiation and toxins, cosmic rays will be worse but human might live on lower elevation inside craters and basin, the worst part of the storm lasts for several hours, so cave with their own cave eco-system might be used or habitats and space craft will likely be equipped with a small Rad Storm Shelter with high radiation protection.
Photovoltaics will have issues, there is a limit on power on a good day expect Solar Flux to give 48% of the power on a dullish part of Earth. New ideas might increase Sol ar Power like rolling out a red carpet, a solar panel might be rolled up inside a colony and cleaned and a rover drive it back out, a Roll out film and outside...however dust will get everywhere and without some dust protection or constant cleaning the 'Mars Dust' eventually has killed all landers and Rovers, so a new source for example Nuclear will be needed.
Much of the population could be Humanoid Robots, taking Cars and Diggers, the Cyborgs, the Artificial Intelligence synth 'person'
THE MARS EXPLORER AI Art Lookbook
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=twBSie4TA48
Elon Musk on Optimus humanoid robot | Lex Fridman Podcast Clips
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z0JLhEU5020
some Earth news
'Death Valley is alive this year. A super bloom is the latest sign.'
https://www.bostonglobe.com/2024/04/13/ … test-sign/
Hallasan National Park located on and around the mountain Hallasan in Jeju Province, South Korea
https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hallasan_National_Park
The highest Alpine Garden in Europe
https://www.zermatt.ch/en/Media/Attract … ine-Garden
The High Altitude Plants of Great Basin National Park
https://nationalparksdata.com/the-high- … onal-park/
this very has been around a long time
an old subject
even after Terraforming begins Mars will probably for some time be a very inhospitable planet, drier then your most dry desert on Earth, an atmosphere thinner than your highest mountains, dull and cold and dust, freezing temperatures compared to the Poles of Earth however Terraforming will have begun and if no life is found on Mars perhaps chemical pollution will be dumped into the air to change the chemistry of the planet and warn it
High altitude, the sandy dusts of Earth and Antarctica will be compared, areas of the South Pole a desert due to its low rainfall
life is found in dark dull places on Earth with high altitude and low pressure, bacteria have been found living in the Dry Valleys of the South Pole, almost alien like metabolism is based on iron and sulfur live in sub-freezing temperatures.
Fusion power might eventually push stony watery Asteroid and Comet material into Mars and have material processed and put into the new Martian Enviornment, at this stage of expensive Terraforming we might already look to other stars and Exoplanets. We already had Biosphere experiments with some degree of success, in a less sealed environment Horticultural Society have done a lot on Greenhouse design, " Gardening" plant fruit ideas, on Earth in cold dull high altitude climates they can already build greenhouse tropical enviornments with alien plant life, a new artificial garden contain specialist plant collections such as cacti and other succulent plants, herb gardens, plants from particular parts of the world.
It will be a very unique series of Biodomes maybe with farms and maybe Cyborg, Humanoid Robots and Humans in a Biosphere that might manufacture, create emissions and help establish a cold dusty ecosystem
videos
'Tampere,Finland'
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVylxMit1bQ
Missouri Botanical Garden Virtual Tour
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCHZy4LLrdA
150 Years Old Botanical Garden - PalmenGarten Frankfurt
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kEmvyUe79dQ
Meeting the plants of Colombia’s Forests of Mist
https://www.worldlandtrust.org/news/202 … s-of-mist/
Cloud forests are a relatively rare ecosystem. In 2022, it was found that of all woodland types in the world only 1% of them were cloud forests – a decline from 11% in the 1970s. They are home to endless relationships between water and wildlife. Rising to 2,700 metres, these forests have year-round cloud cover or mist that keep it regularly cloaked in moisture. Central to this damp ecosystem in Guanacas are a community of plants which enable the cloud forest’s existence.
within the habitable locations maybe dust and desert and cold and high altitude condition, Tórshavn the Faroe Islands is indeed one of the cloudiest places only 840 sunshine hours per year,
'ten things to do in Tórshavn in the Faroe Islands'
https://scandification.com/things-to-do … s-capital/
Mountain, heath and bog plants
https://www.nature.scot/plants-animals- … bog-plants
Some plants that were widespread after the last ice age can still be found living on the crags, cliffs and summits of our Scottish peaks.
Plants in Vancouver
https://www.atlasobscura.com/things-to- … bia/plants
Discover 4 places to experience unusual plants in Vancouver.
How to Design Winter Plant Displays in Vancouver’s Climate
https://www.paraspaceinc.com/blog/ultim … t-displays
Québec City, where the streets are paved with cold
https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/am … 65203.html
In this week's Lonely Planet 'Great Escape', the winter wonders of Québec City in Canada are revealed, from French-accented comfort food to urban cross-country skiing
Oliver Lake Park and Trail in Prince Rupert, British Columbia,
https://www.ehcanadatravel.com/british- … -lake.html
a Russian city Dikson and port exports
https://www.arctictoday.com/the-tiny-ru … -shipping/
Diverse cloud and aerosol impacts on solar photovoltaic potential in southern China and northern India
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-24208-3
Last edited by Mars_B4_Moon (2024-04-13 12:49:39)
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